Hydrant



(NQ Mode-1.)

2 Sheets-Sheet; 1.

` B. QVANDUZEN.

HYDR'ANT.

Patented Mar. 25, 1884.

\ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. B. C. VANDUZBN,

(No Model.)

` HYDBANT.

f Patented Mar. 25, 1884.

y QI: ve rifa?? linear a: of Fig. l.

- 'UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN C. VANDUZEN, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

HYDRANT.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent-NQ. 295,600, dated March 25, 18.84.

Application filed July 18, 1832.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, B. C. VANDUZEN, of Cincinnati, `Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrants, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a hydrant from which the valve may be easily removed, and in -which the pressure of the water tends to keep the valve closed. `In most of thehydrants now in use the valve has a flat seat, and the pressure of the water has a constant tendency to open the valve, for whichreason the hydrant is very apt to leak. My invention provides a cylindrical packing for the valve, and the tendency of the pressure ofthe water is to constantly prevent the valve from opening. Besides the feature relating to the valve, my invention also has a reference to a novel construction and arrangement for operating the valve.

Referring to the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is an elevation of a hydrant constructed according to the principle of my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section ofthe same, also showing the valve and its connections and surroundings. Fig. 3 represents a horizontal section taken at the Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section taken at the line-y y of Fig. l.

Fig. 5, Sheet 2, represents a vertical central section of a modification of the pump shown on Sheet l. 4

A represents the casing or body of the hydrant, which may be ornamented as desired. On the upper end of this body is a cap, A', resting upon a collar or iiange, a. projecting from the body A. This cap A is capable of being turned around the upper end of the body, and for this purpose is provided with a suitable handle, a', which may be located, as shown, on top of thecap, or, if preferred, it may beattached at one side of the cap. The

. cap A is held in position on the body A by suitable means- 21s, for example, by pins B, which are screwed through the cap into the body, the ends of these screws entering horizontal slots b, which construction permits the cap to be turned on the body, but prevents it from rising thereon until the pins are removed.

Vithin the body A is located the discharge- (No model.)

pipe C, to the upper end of which is attached the spout C. The upper end of the body A is provided with the verticalslots D D', in

the iirst of which rests the spout, and in the other slot, D', extends lug d, projecting from the inner end of the spout. These slots D D are both open at the top, to permit the spout and its attachments to be lifted out; but by these slots the discharge pipe and spout are prevented from turning in the body.

'In the cap A is formed an inclined slot, E, the lower end of which is continuous with a vertical slot, E', which latter extends" to the lower edge oi' the cap, as shown in Fig. l.

Through the inclined slot E passes the spout G. Vhen the .cap A is turned, the lower edge of the inclined slot is pushedunder the spout C', causing it and the discharge-pipe thereto connected to be raised, and when the cap is turned in Iche opposite direction the upper edge of the slot crowds the spout down. Thus it will be seen that by turning the cap A the discharge pipe and spout are caused to be raised and lowered, and that the spout always remains in the same vertical line, never being turned to either side. A flange, e, -is formed around the spout within the body, which preventsthe ingress of any dirt through the slot D.I Another ilange, e', is also formed around the lug d, and these flanges e c', fitting against the interior of the upper part of the body A, prevent any lateral movement ofthe discharge! pipe as it is raised and lowered, and thus the valve connected to the lower end of the discharge-pipe is always moved in a vertical line, and the valve is thus not subjected to a greater wear on one side than another.

To'the lower end of the body A is preferably connected a pipe, as F, to the lower end of which is connected the valve-box F, within which is located the valve G, connected to the lower end of the discharge-pipe C. The valve-box F consists of a flared upper end, f, making a chamber, f3, and a chamber, f, l0- cated at its lower end, the two being separated by a constricted portion or neck, f2, the latter forming the cylinder within which works the piston-valve G. `This valve G consists of a body, g, surrounded bytwo annular packing rings, la h', the two'being separated by a sleeve, g', the two packing-rings and the sleeve being held on the body g by a nut, g2. The diameroo,

ter of the packing-rings h h is such that they will fit tightly in the neck f2 of the valve-box; but the sleeve g is of slightly less diameter than this neck, as shown in Fig. 2. The body g of the valve is made hollow-that is, has a chamber, Z-and its lower end is provided, just above the packing h', with a series of openings, 7c, and the sleeve g' is also provided with a series of openings, Z, corresponding in position to the openings k. These openings are so situated that when the valve is lowered they will establish a communication between the chamberf of the valve-box and the interior of the valve, and any water entering this valve may escape through the discharge-pipe C and out through the spout C.

At one side of the chamber f is the connection K, to which is connected the inlet-pipe which communicates with the water-supplyreservoir main. A collar or flange, n, surrounds the upper part of the body g of the valve,which collar,when the' valve is lowered,

- fits into the flared upper portion, f, of the valve-box, and prevents the valve from going v too far down. rlhis ring n and the flared portion f may be ground together, and the ring n serves not only as a stop, but as a valve to prevent the water leaking into the waste while communication is established between the sup ply and discharge pipe, and this use of the ring n as a valve would be particularly valuable should the upper packing-ring, 7L, leak. Vhen the valve is lowered, as shown in Fig. 2, water entering the chamber f passes through the openings Z and 7c, and out through the discharge pipe and spout. rIhe packingring h prevents any passage of water around the valve. When, now, it is desired to stop the iiow of water, the cap A is turned,and the discharge pipe and valve are thus raised, and the valve G is raised, so that the packing h is raised above the neck f2 and the packing h enters the lower end of the neck, which prevents any water from entering thevalve. The distance between the packing-rings h and It is such that one will enter the neck before the other leaves it, which prevents any leakage of water, causing all the water which enters the valve-box Fl to pass throughthevalve. Vhen the water is shut off, the discharge-pipe Gwill be full of water, and it is necessary in winter that this water should not be allowed to remain in the pipe, and by the construction above described this water is allowed to waste before it can freeze. As the packing 7L is above tthe neck f2, and as there is a slight space between the sleeve g and the neck f2, the water in the discharge-pipe Gis allowed to pass backward through the openings 7c Z, and, passing up, fiows out through the opening m in the pipe F, which opening is usually below the piston.' In a warm climate or in the summer this wasting is not necessary, and the Ihole m may, if desired, be closed. When the water is shut off, the head of water presses against the lower end of the valve and tends to keep it closed, and for this reason the hydrant is not liable to leak and drip.

A valve constructed upon the above-described principles may be advantageously employed as a cutoff valve for governing the flow of water through the vpipe leading from the water-main to the house, or it may be used in any other pipe through which the iiuid passes. If, from any cause, the valve gets out of repair, it is a very easy matter to remove it from the hydrant, the only thing necessary to be re moved being, the screws B, and when they are removed the cap A may be removed, and the spout, discharge-pipe, andv valve may then be lifted from the hydrant. The construction of the valve and its box or chamber is such that it possesses the advantageous capability of being easily and quickly rem ovedwithout change directly from the hydrant for repairs, cleaning, &c., even when the mechanism employed for reciprocating it be other than that specifically described herein.

Various modifcations of the pump shown on Sheet l of the drawings may be made and be included under one or more features of my invention.

Among the obvious modifications which can be made in the construction of the means for reciprocating the discharge-pipe, the following is one of the most simple:

In Fig. 5, Sheet 2, the discharge-pipe is eX- tended through the top of the cap A, and is then provided with the spout C. The cap A is on the outside of the upper portion of the standard A and suitably supported, as on a flange, a. As in the hydrant shown on Sheet l of the drawings, so here the cap is provided with a suitable handle, as a', for enabling the cap to be turned. Two spiral or inclined act- IOO uating-slots, as E of Fig. 1, are also present in the cap, being locatedin the side of the latter and opposite to one another. In each of these slots is a projection or arm, d, firmly Xed to the discharge-pipe by suitable means-as, for example, by a collar, P. Rotation ofthe cap in one direction causes the slots E to elevate the arms d, and thereby lift the discharge-pipe and close the valve, the discharge-pipe sliding through the opening M in the top of the cap, said opening like wise acting as a guide for the said pipe. All rotation of the discharge-pipe is prevented by means of the vertical slots D, heretofore described in connection with Fig. 1.' One of the arms d passes through one of the slots D, and the other of said arms passes through the other of said slots, and the latter allow of the arms d being elevated or lowered, but prevent lateral movement of the arms, and consequently prevent rotation of the dischargepipe. Rotation of the cap in a reverse direction depresses the discharge-pipe and opens the valve.

The pin B, affixed to the cap, (see Fig. 2,) is present in the slot b of the standard shown in Fig. 5, and the cap, while allowed to rotate, is prevented from being raised from the stand- IIO ard until said pin is removed, when the cap may be removed and the discharge pipe and valve be lifted out of the standard.

In both the hydrant-heads shown, it will be observed that, except when taken off for repairs or to withdraw the discharge pipe and valve, the cap is rotatable upon, but is otherwise stationary with the standard; hence it does not rise nor fall under the hand while being turned, and the operator is relieved from the unpleasant compound movement which would occur if the cap not only turned but moved with the discharge-pipe while reciprocating the latter.

As before described, the projection for engaging the cap may be the spout or other projection from the discharge-pipe.

VNlThile the various features of my invention are preferably employed together, one or more of such features are, so far as applicable, to be applied to hydraulic devices of other construction than such as herein shown.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows: y

1. The hollow reciprocating piston valve provided with central chamber, Z, communicating with the discharge -pipe, and having an imperforate bottom and packing-rings hh', and provided with oriiices Z, located in the side of the said valve between said packing-rings, and being the only inlet-conduits to said central ch amber, Z, in combination with the valvebox having constricted portion f2, provided below with the inlet-conduit, so that when the valve is Vmoved vertically in one direction communication is made between the inlet-conduit and orifices l, and when the-valve is moved in the opposite direction, communication between said inlet-conduit and said orices Z is cut off', substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. The combination of the valve chamber having a constricted portion, f, and an enlarged portion above provided with wasteorifice, and an enlarged portion below provided with supply-conduit, and the verticallyreciprocating piston-valve having an imperforate bottom and packing-rings h h', and orices located between the said packing-rings,

` so that when the valve is at the upper part vof its movement the upper p acking shall be at a distance above the constricted portion, and the lower packing engaging the latter, and when the valve is at the lo'wer portion of its movement the lower'ring shall be at a distance below the constricted portion, and the upper ring shall engage the latter, substantially as and for the purposes speciied.

3. rlhe combination ofV the valve-chamber having a constricted portion, f2, and an enlarged portion above provided with wasteoriiice, and an enlarged portion below provided with supplyconduit, with the verticallyreciprocating piston-valve having an imperforate bottom and packing-ringst h', and oriiices located between the said packing-rings, so that when the valve is at the upper part of its movement the upper packing shall be at a distance above' the constricted portion, and the lower packing engaging the latter, and wheni the valve is at the lower portion of its movement the lower ring shall be at adistance below the constricted portion, and the upper ring shall engage the latter, and the ring n, for engaging upon the descent of the valve the iiared portion f of the upperenlarged portion of the valve-chamber,s`ub stantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. ,In ahydrant, the rotatable cap A, connected to the top of the standard and incapable of vertical movement, and provided with an inclined slot, E, receiving the non-rotatable spout connected to the vertical discharge-pipe, capable of vertical movement by means of the rotation of the cap, and the inclined. slot E, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. The body A, provided with surrounding collar a and vertical slots D D and horizontal slots b, in combination with the cap A', provided with inclined slot E and pins B, and the spout C', substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. The body A, `provided with slotsD D', in combination with the spout C, provided with lug d, and guiding-flanges c e', fitting against the interior of the body, and means, substantially as described, for raising and lowering the spout and its connections, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

7. The combination of the cap rotatable upon (but incapable of vertical movement on) the standard, and having inclined slot E, with the reciprocating discharge pipe provided with a projection engaging said slot, substantially `as and for the purposes specified.

y BENJAMIN C. VANDUZEN. Attest:

BEN B. DALE,

W. I). GULIcK.

IOO 

